Contracting with the Federal Government Term Paper

Contracting with the Federal Government - Term Paper Example Contracting by Simplified Acquisition Procedures, FAR 13 This rule involves the government purchase of tools that are less than the value of $150,000. The government purchase of this equipment is considered micro purchases. The involved procedures do not require competitive bids or quotes and the involved agencies can buy through credit cards or the Government Purchase Card. In addition, it is not necessary to involve the procurement officer. However, most of the government purchases are in this category since most of the products purchased do not involve a lot of money. An example is the government purchase of office equipment such as chairs, tables, and computers. This category comprises of more than 70 per cent of all government purchase dealings. According to government statistics, this category involved a total sum of $19 billion dollars. The increase in government transaction in this category is because the Federal Acquisition Streamlining Act made several amendments to the act thus eliminating limitations on government purchases under $150,000. This means that agencies can be allowed to use abridged processes for soliciting and assessing bids worth up to $150,000. However, it is mandatory for the government agencies to publicize all deliberate procurements over $25,000 according to Federal Business Opportunities or on the government website, which enlists all the available procurement opportunities. One main advantage of this easy purchase processes is that they require fewer governmental details, less endorsement levels, and fewer documentation. However, these procedures require all the government procurements above $3,000, but under $150,000, to be kept back for small companies. in addition, the small businesses has to apply for the purchases except if the assigned agent cannot get proposals from two or more minor businesses who are competitive on price, quality and distribution (Government Contracting 101; Worthington & Goldsman, 1998). Contracting by Negotiation, FAR 15 This government rule requires that the government agencies to use negotiation as a contracting method. In order to do this, the federal agencies have to issue a request for proposal (RFP) or Request for Information (RFI) or Invitation for Bid (IFB).  Unlike the previous rule, this rule allows for, communications, Clarifications, and discussions  in the selection procedure and the government might permit for last proposal amendments.  In order for a company to be selected, some factors such as best value and trade-off processes are evaluated. This occurs depending with the interest of the government to contemplate issues other than the lowermost price or utmost technical rating, or the lowermost price that is technically appropriate source for selection, where the solicitation highlights the marginally suitable standards and the selection is founded on a price assessment amongst all suitable bids.  This rule applies mostly to contracts above $150,000, and extremely technical products and services are being pursued (Worthington & Goldsman, 1998). Contracting by Sealed Bidding, FAR 14 The Contracting by Sealed Bidding as described by the rule consist of making and advertising an invitation for bids (IFB). It also involves receiving the proposals, opening them openly, assessing them without negotiations with the bidders, and giving the agreement to the accountable and responsive bidder founded on price and

Recent Scientific and Technological Innovations Essay Example for Free

Recent Scientific and Technological Innovations Essay The quality of life is normally taken to mean the general well being of people and the environment in which they live in. it is undeniable that recent scientific and technological innovations have enhanced the quality of life for many. However, the developments of today that promise us a better quality of life are also the ones that can worsen the quality of life. Science and technology give their creators and inventors ever-greater supremacy and control, for good or otherwise, over the physical universe. Indeed, the possible dire consequences and impact of misused and misapplied innovations can affect the quality of life drastically. Technological innovations have resulted in an improved and well-established system of telecommunications and satellites. This leads to ease in access of communication system globally. International calls can now be made so readily that two people at separate ends of the world can now stay instantly in contact with a touch of the dial. But, with the onslaught of the worldwide web and wireless communication devices, technology has in fact, drawn people away from each other. The presence of electronic email and short-text messages, gave busy people of this high-tech society yet another excuse to dismiss the need for face-to-face meetings and interactions. Humans have become overly dependent upon such gadgets and devices to carry out the basic task such as to communicate. What will result from the above phenomenon is that the generations to come will be lacking in inter-personal and interactive skills. Medical scientific and technological innovations have been largely beneficial. Death rates, infant mortality rates as well as diseases of the past that used to lead to alarming numbers of deaths, have been eradicated greatly. Modern drugs and vaccines have eased much physically suffering. But, the discovery of Euthanasia and Genetic Engineering have sparked off a series of moral questioning concerning the supposed death with dignity as well as issues that include abortion as the latter opens up possibilities of misuse. It is true that abortion practices ena ble pregnant women who are at health risk to remove the baby in the course of pregnancy but many have taken advantage of this procedure to rid themselves of the product of irresponsible actions on their part. Also, Euthanasia, despite being said to be death in dignity, nevertheless, opposes many religious and conservative views. Advanced military technological innovations have provided a higher degree of security for citizens in countries. This does actually contribute to enhancing the quality of life as cyber warfare, biological warfare and nuclear warfare help to create a new form of defence mechanism to protect the people. Conversely, advance military technological innovations have also empowered modern armies a great level of destructive potential and selective aiming targets. This results in civilians and innocent people ending up as the greater victims in wars. In addition, the use of chemical and biological weapons has diffused effects that make the clear-cut drawing of battle lines more complex and difficult. Hence, instead of enhancing the quality of life, humans’ vulnerability increases and security decreases in times of war. Another political and legal aspect in which scientific and technological innovations have helped to improve the quality of life for humans is the availability of knowledge. Indeed, the access to information enhances democracy that provides citizens with a more liberal political system. However, it should be noted that technology, though allowing easy access to the supply of knowledge, actually devalues the worth of information and knowledge. Today, knowledge can easily turn obsolete as focus is placed on the survival of the most info and techno-savvy society. Also, what is accessible from the wide pool of resources on the worldwide web does not always provide the correct and morally upright information. For instance, the wide pool of pornography corrupts one’s mind and worsens the quality of life as it presents an improper, inaccurate and unrealistic view towards sex. Next, computers and high-tech machinery have aided in improving many economies, especially those of the developing countries. For example, South Korea went from being a developing country to becoming a newly industrialized country because they have become more capital-intensive and technologically oriented in their industries. Areas ranging from manufacturing processes to the service sector have been made easy by the use of both the computer and machinery. Nevertheless, such gadgets have become such an indispensable and essential tool in modern life that the need for labour-intensive employment has greatly declined. This puts lowly educated and lowly skilled workers out of jobs. Such an over reliance branches into almost every type of human activity and the importance of human resources will eventually be lost with time. How can quality of life be enhanced when the technology is deemed more valuable and useful than human resource? Another area to ponder about is the environmental asp ect of life. Pollution and deforestation have both worsened the quality of life in today’s society. Health problems have resulted from air, water, soil and hazardous waste pollution. Governments of less developed nations, in their eagerness to improve their economies by employing technology in their commerce, are willing to forsake the importance of the environment in maintaining the quality of life of their people. Poor air quality in twenty megacities in the world, with population of more than ten million results in an increase in lung, heart and brain cancer. This is the effect of traffic fumes; industrial processes, new sewage systems and even open refuse burning. Water quality is greatly diminished by the pollution caused by petrochemical complex, pesticide and factories. The issue of deforestation is also linked to the worsening of the quality of life as basic needs of recreation, culture and leisure are greatly affected. Thus, it is evident that though busy industries can be an indication of a healthy economy that can increase the monetary aspect of standard of living, actually denies humans their basic right to drink clean water and breathe clean, uncontaminated air. In conclusion, the issues of the quality of life that are affected by scientific and technological innovations are urgent and require much reconsideration. The nuclear power that promised virtually limitless, cheap and non-polluting energy for future generations proved otherwise in the disastrous accidents such as those that took place at Three Mile Island and Chernoblyl. Furthermore, the down sides to the supposed enhancement of the quality of life as depicted by the double-edged sword qualities of science and technology like those presented in this argument have clearly shown that recent scientific and technological innovations can increase the quality of life as well as degenerate it.

Historical Perspective Essay examples -- Bloody Sunday History Essays

Historical Perspective Unfortunately, all most Americans know about the event known as Bloody Sunday, they learned from U2's smash hit, "Sunday Bloody Sunday." The source of this song's popularity stems from its ability to evoke widespread sympathy for Irish by painting an unforgettable picture of death and despair in the minds of each of its listeners. So what is unfortunate about this song being the primary source of historical knowledge concerning Bloody Sunday for most Americans? It is unfortunate not because of its lack of information or authenticity, but because of its lack of historical perspective. Essayist Jane Tompkins addresses this idea of perspecitivism by citing the changing representation of colonial American Indians in historical texts dating from 1964 to 1978. According to Limerick, in historical texts from the early 1960s, Indians weren't represented at all; they were "simply beneath notice" (65). By the late 1960s Indian culture, albeit "an inferior culture" (65), was finally acknowledged. In the early 1970s Indians "were the more or less innocent prey of the power-hungry whites" (65), but not until 1978 did Indians become "complicated, purposeful human beings, whose lives were spiritually motivated to a high degree" (66). Tompkins argues that because every historical account is a product of its author's perspective, it is important to analyze varying sources, including those of the traditionally under-represented. What I found in my research of Bloody Sunday is that in our efforts to account for the traditionally under-represented perspective, we have absentmindedly omitted the dominant perspective instead. This omission will undoubtedly cause the same problems that omitting the traditionally under-repr... ... Unlimited Special Reports. 20 Oct. 2000. <http://www.guardianunlimited.co.uk/bloodysunday/article/0,2763,184927,00.html>. Limmerick, Patricia Nelson. The Legacy of Conquest. New York and London: W.W. Norton & Company, 1987. 35-54. McClean, Raymond, M.D. The Road to Bloody Sunday. L'Derry, Northern Ireland: Guildhall Press, 1997. 120-130. Morrison, Matt. "Remembering Bloody Sunday." The Irish People. 25 Jan. 1997. 1 Oct. 2000 <http://larkspirit.com/bloodysunday/witness.htm>. Tompkins, Jane. â€Å"’Indians’: Textualism, Morality, and the Problem of History.† in â€Å"Race,† Writing, and Difference. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1986. 59-77. Winchester, Simon. "13 Killed as Paratroopers Break Riot." Guardian Unlimited Special Reports. 20 Oct. 2000. <http://www.guardianunlimited.co.uk/bloodysunday/article/0,2763,184928,00.html>.

Morality and Sacrifice

SACRIFICE â€Å"Sacrifice† is the surrender of a greater value for the sake of a lesser one or of a non value. Thus, altruism gauges a man’s virtue by the degree to which he surrenders, renounces or betrays his values (since help to a stranger or an enemy is regarded as more virtuous, less â€Å"selfish,† than help to those one loves). The rational principle of conduct is the exact opposite: always act in accordance with the hierarchy of your values, and never sacrifice a greater value to a lesser one. Sacrifice† does not mean the rejection of the worthless, but of the precious. â€Å"Sacrifice† does not mean the rejection of the evil for the sake of the good, but of the good for the sake of the evil. â€Å"Sacrifice† is the surrender of that which you value in favor of that which you don’t. If you exchange a penny for a dollar, it is not a sacrifice; if you exchange a dollar for a penny, it is. If you achieve the career you wanted, aft er years of struggle, it is not a sacrifice; if you then renounce it for the sake of a rival, it is.A sacrifice is the surrender of a value. Full sacrifice is full surrender of all values. If you wish to achieve full virtue, you must seek no gratitude in return for your sacrifice, no praise, no love, no admiration, no self-esteem, not even the pride of being virtuous; the faintest trace of any gain dilutes your virtue. If you pursue a course of action that does not taint your life by any joy, that brings you no value in matter, no value in spirit, no gain, no profit, no reward—if you achieve this state of total zero, you have achieved the ideal of moral perfection.If you wish to save the last of your dignity, do not call your best actions a â€Å"sacrifice†: that term brands you as immoral. If a mother buys food for her hungry child rather than a hat for herself, it is not a sacrifice: she values the child higher than the hat; but it is a sacrifice to the kind of mothe r whose higher value is the hat, who would prefer her child to starve and feeds him only from a sense of duty.If a man dies fighting for his own freedom, it is not a sacrifice: he is not willing to live as a slave; but it is a sacrifice to the kind of man who’s willing. If a man refuses to sell his convictions, it is not a sacrifice, unless he is the sort of man who has no convictions. Sacrifice could be proper only for those who have nothing to sacrifice—no values, no standards, no judgment—those whose desires are irrational whims, blindly conceived and lightly surrendered. For a man of moral stature, whose esires are born of rational values, sacrifice is the surrender of the right to the wrong, of the good to the evil. The creed of sacrifice is a morality for the immoral—a morality that declares its own bankruptcy by confessing that it can’t impart to men any personal stake in virtues or values, and that their souls are sewers of depravity, which they must be taught to sacrifice. By its own confession, it is impotent to teach men to be good and can only subject them to constant punishment.

Hamburger †United States Essay

A company that finds major success in one country won’t necessarily catch on in another. There are a number of fast-food chains that succeeded in America, but have failed globally. One example is the widely popular Wendy’s. Wendy’s is the third largest burger chains in the U.S. However, according to the article Wendy’s to Exit Japan, Wendy’s has recently declared that they â€Å"will not renew its agreement with its Japanese franchisee, Zensho Co Ltd, after both of them failed to reach an amicable solution on the development of Wendy’s brand in Japan.† This will result in the closure of 71 outlets located in and around Tokyo, Japan. Despite being one of the leading quick-service restaurant companies in America, Wendy’s has struggled to understand and expand internationally. It seems that they were being consistently beaten by the business that McDonald’s generates. Japan is McDonald’s largest market outside of the United States. It has nearly 4,000 restaurants there. The closure of Wendy’s marks the end of a 29-year presence in Japan, and is clearly a testament to the different tastes of the Eastern and Western countries. In October, Wendy’s attempted one final marketing strategy when they launched a $75 million campaign titled, â€Å"When It’s Real.† However, the campaign failed to boost sales and actually declined 4%. That appeared to be the last straw for the franchise. It’s difficult to succeed in the restaurant industry during a recession. People are more careful with their money so they tend to eat more at home. However, fast-food chains continue to thrive during these tough economic times because of their affordability. I do feel that what happened to Wendy’s could have been prevented. After all, McDonald’s is still succeeding in Japan, so why couldn’t Wendy’s. It’s important to remain innovative, especially during a recession. If they could have been creative and developed catchy marketing strategies during these tough times, I think they could have swung back into more prosperous times. References Schaefer, R.T. (2009) Sociology: A brief introduction (8th ed.) New York, NY: McGraw Hill. Zacks Investment Research (2009). Wendy’s to Exit Japan. Retrieved Jan. 9, 2010 from: http://www.istockanalyst.com/article/viewarticle/articleid/3711374

Biography of John Dalton, the Father of Chemistry

Biography of John Dalton, the 'Father of Chemistry' John Dalton (September 6, 1766–July 27, 1844) was a renowned English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist. His most famous contributions were his atomic theory and color blindness research. Fast Facts: John Dalton Known For: Atomic theory and color blindness researchBorn: September 6, 1766 in Eaglesfield, Cumberland, EnglandParents: Joseph Dalton, Deborah Greenups.Died: July 27, 1844 in Manchester, EnglandEducation: Grammar schoolPublished Works:  New System of Chemical Philosophy, Memoirs of the Literary and Philosophical Society of ManchesterAwards and Honors:  The Royal Medal (1826), the fellowship of the  Royal Society of London  and the Royal Society of Edinburgh, honorary degree from the  University of Oxford, associate of the French  Academy of Sciences,Notable Quote: Matter, though divisible in an extreme degree, is nevertheless not infinitely divisible. That is, there must be some point beyond which we cannot go in the division of matter....I have chosen the word â€Å"atom† to signify these ultimate particles. Early Life Dalton was born into a Quaker family on September 6, 1766. He learned from his father, a weaver, and from Quaker John Fletcher, who taught at a private school. John Dalton started working when he was 10 years old and began teaching at a local school at age 12. Within just a few years, despite their lack of higher education, John and his brother started up their own Quaker school. He could not attend an English university because he was a Dissenter (opposed to being required to join the Church of England), so he learned about science informally from John Gough, a mathematician and experimental physicist. Dalton became a teacher of mathematics and natural philosophy (the study of nature and physics) at age 27 at a dissenting academy in Manchester. He resigned at age 34 and became a private tutor. Scientific Discoveries and Contributions John Dalton actually published in a variety of fields, including mathematics and English grammar, but he is best known for his science. Dalton kept meticulous daily weather records. He rediscovered the Hadley cell theory of atmospheric circulation. He believed air consisted of about 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen, unlike most of his peers, who thought air was its own compound.Dalton and his brother were both colorblind, but this condition had not been officially discussed or studied. He thought the color perception might be due to a discoloration inside the liquid of the eye and believed there was a hereditary component to red-green color blindness. Although his theory about discolored liquid did not pan out, color blindness became known as Daltonism.John Dalton wrote a series of papers describing gas laws. His law on partial pressure became known as Daltons Law.Dalton published the first table of relative atomic weights of atoms of the elements. The table contained six elements, with weights relative to that of hydrogen. Atomic Theory Daltons atomic theory was by far his most famous work; many of his ideas have proven to be either completely correct or largely correct. In fact, Daltons contributions have earned him the nickname, the father of chemistry. According to the Science History Institute, Daltons atomic theories developed during his explorations of meteorology. He discovered, through experiments, that the air is not a vast chemical solvent as  Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier  and his followers had thought, but a mechanical system, where the pressure exerted by each gas in a mixture is independent of the pressure exerted by the other gases, and where the total pressure is the sum of the pressures of each gas. This discovery led him to the idea that the atoms in a mixture were indeed different in weight and â€Å"complexity.† The idea that there are multiple elements, each made up of its own, unique atoms, was absolutely new and quite controversial at the time. It led to experimentation with the concept of atomic weight, which became the basis for later discoveries in physics and chemistry. Daltons theories can be summarized as follows: Elements are made of tiny particles (atoms).Atoms of one  element are exactly the same size and  mass as other atoms  of that element.Atoms of different elements  are different sizes and masses from each other.Atoms cant be further subdivided, nor may they be created or destroyed.Atoms rearrange  during chemical reactions. They may be separated from each other or combined with other atoms.Atoms form chemical compounds by combining with each other in simple, whole number ratios.Atoms combine according to the rule of greatest simplicity, which says if atoms only combine in one ratio, it must be a binary one. Death From 1837 until his death, Dalton suffered a series of strokes. He continued to work until the day he died, supposedly recording a meteorological measurement on July 26, 1844. The following day, an attendant found him dead beside his bed. Legacy Some points of Daltons atomic theory have been shown to be false. For example, atoms may be created and split  using fusion  and fission (although these are  nuclear processes  and Daltons theory does hold for chemical reactions). Another deviation from the theory is that isotopes  of atoms of a single element  may be different from each other (isotopes were unknown in Daltons time). Overall, the theory was immensely powerful. The concept of atoms of elements endures to the present day. Sources: â€Å"John Dalton.†Ã‚  Science History Institute, 31 Jan. 2018.Ross, Sydney. â€Å"John Dalton.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 9 Oct. 2018.

Bundling Campaign Contributions - How It Works

Bundling Campaign Contributions - How It Works Bundling campaign  contributions is a common practice in American congressional and presidential elections. The term bundling refers to a form of fundraising in which one person or small groups of people - they might be lobbyists, business owners, special interest groups or activists seeking legislative action  - convince  their wealthy friends, coworkers and other like-minded donors to simultaneously write checks to their preferred candidate for public office. It is not uncommon for bundlers to raise hundreds of millions of dollars in a presidential-election year and receive special treatment in return for their work. A bundler is the person or small group of people  who pool or aggregates these contributions and then delivers them in one lump sum to a political campaign. In the 2000 presidential campaign, Republican nominee  George W. Bush used the term pioneers to describe bundlers who raised at least $100,000 for his White House bid. Bundlers are often rewarded by successful candidates with plum positions in an administration or other political favors.  Four out of five of Democratic presidential nominee  Barack Obamas largest fundraisers in the 2008 presidential campaign received  key posts in his administration, according to the Washington, D.C.-based Center for Responsive Politics. Bundling is a legal way for campaign supporters to circumvent  individual contribution limits set forth in federal campaign finance laws.  An individual can contribute up to $2,700 to a candidate for federal office in a single election cycle, or up to $5,400 a year. But bundlers can persuade like-minded donors to give at once, typically by inviting them to a fundraiser or special event and in turn rolling up those contributions into massive sums of money to federal candidates. Bundling Is Not Heavily Regulated The Federal Election Commission, the entity that regulates campaign-finance laws in the U.S.,  requires candidates for federal office  disclose the funds bundled by registered lobbyists. For everyone whos not a lobbyists? Disclosure is voluntary and sporadic. In the 2008 presidential election, for example, Obama and Republican nominee John McCain both agreed to make public the names of bundlers who raised more than $50,000. The FEC rules, however, are considered loose by government watchdogs and  easily circumvented by crafty bundlers and lobbyists wishing to remain out of the public eye. In some cases, bundlers are able to avoid disclosing their role in raising large sums of money for a campaign by never physically pooling and delivering the checks, just organizing the fundraising.   How Much Money Do Bundlers Raise? Bundlers are responsible for generating tens of millions of dollars to their preferred candidates. In the 2012 presidential race, for example, bundlers delivered about $200 million to Obamas campaign, according to the Center for Responsive Politics. Bundlers, who are often corporate CEOs, lobbyists, hedge fund managers or independently wealthy people, are able to funnel far more money to campaigns than they could personally give under campaign finance laws, states the good-government group Public Citizen.   Why Bundlers Bundle Bundlers who deliver large amounts of campaign cash to candidates have been rewarded with access to prominent White House advisers and strategists, official titles and privileged treatment in campaigns, and ambassadorships and other plum political appointments. The Center for Public Integrity reported that Obama rewarded about 200 bundlers with jobs and appointments. Bundlers play an enormous role in determining the success of political campaigns and are apt to receive preferential treatment if their candidate wins, Public Citizen wrote. Bundlers who direct money to presidential candidates tend to be first in line for plum ambassador positions and other political appointments. Industry titans and lobbyists are more likely to receive preferential treatment from elected officials if they raised large amounts of money for them. When Is Bundling Illegal? Bundlers seeking political favors often promise big money to candidates. And sometimes they fail to deliver. So in some cases, bundlers have been known to give large sums of money to employees, family members and friends with the implicit goal of having those employees, family members and friends turn around and contribute to a candidate for Congress or the presidency. Thats illegal.

10 Soft Insults in German and What They Mean

10 Soft Insults in German and What They Mean When you come to Germany and walk through the streets you might listen to some slang or curse words in the German language. They are very often used to make fun of certain aspects of someone’s behavior. Here are some of the more interesting ones that you might hear when you are an attentive listener. Warmduscher This is someone who likes to take hot showers.  In Germany, it is an often discussed myth that showering with ice-cold water is considered as masculine.  Well, somehow they had to see the bright side of a life without electricity and put it like that.  Today we just joke and say Warmduscher to people who like it comfortable or might be a little cowardly. Sitzpinkler A man who is peeing sitting on the toilet instead of standing. Real men stand when they mark their territory - and hopefully clean it afterward. Streber This is an interesting one because it describes a striver or nerd.  And as nerd† is cooler than â€Å"Streber†, we started to use â€Å"nerd† too in German when we talk about Streber. If someone is very eager or is behaving like Hermione Granger- you can call him a Streber. Angeber The â€Å"Angeber† is a poser, a show-off.  This is much stronger and you will hear it for sure when you will see an expensive car at a traffic light and the owner is playing with the pedal to impress the people in the street.   Teletubbyzurà ¼ckwinker Remember the Teletubbies? Well, this word describes someone who would wave back to the Teletubbies and this is, unless you are two years old, considered to be really wimpy. Cool grown-ups don’t do this unless they lost a bet. So if you want to use this, do not apply it to yourself and make sure the person you consider as a Teletubbyzurà ¼ckwinkler is far away so he or she would not hear you. Tee-Trinker In Germany, the country of beer drinking, drinking tea while others have a beer is uncool- sorry to the British and other tea drinkers. Of course, you are not supposed to get drunk and become an alcoholic, neither should you feel forced to have a beer- it is just this feeling of having a real â€Å"Feierabend Bier† (after-work beer) that makes drinking tea look like a weird idea for a real German. Schattenparker A word which describes someone who parks his car in the shadow because he can not stand the heat. A real man is supposed to stand any heat. Well, if you believe that- have fun during German summer in the city. Weichei Literally, a soft egg. This is simply a wimp, a coward.  This could be said in any imaginable situation. Verzà ¶gerungsgenießer This word comes from the German-dubbed movie Vanilla Sky. It describes persons who like to enjoy not everything at once but bit by bit. â€Å"Verzà ¶gerung†- means delay. Frauenversteher This is most likely a word a woman wouldnt use as an insult. Most women would probably love to be understood by a man. But men have turned this quality into a non-virtue and a lack of masculinity. Enjoy this little counterexample of a women understander by one of the better-known comedians from some time ago. If those insults above are not manly enough for you, try this Beleidigungsgenerator, which wont beat around the bush. Hopefully, this list gives you a little insight into the mindset of some Germans, which is still surprisingly macho.

Technical Description Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Technical Description - Assignment Example The product, in this case, is the insecticide, hair products, or deodorant. On the other hand, the propellant is the matter used to get the product out of the can. The figure below is an illustration of a liquefied aerosol can. A dip tube serves as the means to which the product travels from the can to the user. It runs from the top to the bottom side of the can. The top end of the dip tube entails the nozzle. The user gets to access the product by pressing the headpiece. Once the user presses the headpiece, the seal is disconnected exerting pressure to the high-pressure propellant. The pressure drives the product out of the can through the dip tube to the nozzle. Once the user releases the headpiece, the spring pushes the headpiece to its initial position. The inlet slides above the seal disconnecting the inlet from the outlet. The nozzle is narrow to atomize the liquid; hence, the product is emitted as tiny droplets to form a fine spray

Debt Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Debt Crisis - Essay Example The debt/equity ratio increased from 15:1 to 30:1 after the US Securities and Exchange Commission allowed shadow banks to borrow as much as their own risk management departments considered prudent. So while commercial banks formed only 40% of total lending, shadow banks accounted for almost 60%. Banks borrowed a ton of money, made great deals and grew tremendously rich. They then paid back the borrowed money. Investors saw this and wanted a part in it. This gave banks the idea to connect investors to home owners through mortgages. Because real estate had been doing so well, investment banks were interested in buying the mortgage. The lender agreed to sell it to them for a fee. The investment banks then borrowed heavily, bought more mortgages and collected them in a box. The bank then cut the box into 3 slices: Safe, Okay, and Risky. It packed the slices back up and called it a Collateralized Debt Obligation (CDO). A CDO works like three layers. As the money comes in from homeowners p aying off their mortgages the top tray fills first then the rest goes into the middle and the remainder goes into the last tray. If owners are unable to pay their mortgages, fewer payments are received and the last tray remains empty. For taking more risk, the lowest tray receives a higher rate of return as compared to the first tray which receives the lowest rate as it is the safest. Banks insured these slices for a minor charge called a Credit Default Swap (CDS). Credit rating agencies rated the top as a safe AAA investment and the middle as BBB. Because of the ratings, the investment banker could sell the slices to investors with different risk preferences. They made millions through this, and then repaid the loans. Since investors were making a lot more than 1%, they wanted more CDOs, investment banks wanted more mortgages and the demand for mortgages rose. They then approached the subprime market because if the homeowners defaulted on their mortgage, the lender would get the ho use which would increase in value. They started giving mortgages without requiring down payments, proof of income and any documents at all. These mortgages were Adjustable Rate Mortgages. The mortgage payments were attractively low during the initial period but they increased exponentially after the teaser period. As a result, from 2004 to 2006, the subprime mortgages accounted for approximately 1/5th of the overall mortgage market. Eventually the subprime borrowers started defaulting after the teaser period. The bank that was now the owner of the house went into foreclosure and put the house up for sale. Eventually, more houses went up for sale. Now there were so many houses for sale, increasing supply, causing house prices to fall, rather than rise. This created a problem for homeowners who continued to make their mortgage payments. The value of their houses began to decline as the number of houses for sale in the market increased. People refused to pay their mortgages. Default ra tes increased exponentially and prices nosedived. Consequently the value of CDOs which were backed by these mortgages also fell. Investment banks tried to sell the CDOs but there were no buyers. Through CDOs the problem spread to other financial markets. The problem was further compounded by CDS because sellers of CDS bought CDS from others to protect themselves. The Secondary market for subprime CDO trading halted because of lack of buyers in the market. Private financial institution refused to lend any cash

School-Appropriate Social Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

School-Appropriate Social Skills - Essay Example These skills include feeling confident and being approachable, being interested in others, and the degree of feeling alone. Feeling acutely lonely and being extremely shy can cause the child to be "pushed" into a situation or into participating and this is counterproductive. Activities such as "Show and Tell" will help a child in building confidence, being approachable, developing an interest in others, and to thwart the feelings of loneliness. as they learn all the other social skills that come with participating in group activities. Changing the seating arrangement occasionally and playing games such as "Star of the Week" where a child brings in his/her favorite photos and/or snack, etc. and are asked questions by other students. This promotes group time and social interaction. Alone time, quiet time, and individual activities will help children have the appreciation of self, the desire to be alone, and to build self esteem. Quiet time such as reading, doing a puzzle, and drawing are examples of individual things that students can do. These activities led by the teacher will help give children the balance that they need as they are encouraged to develop the skills that kindergarteners should acquire.

The Mini (car) between 1998 and 2015 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Mini (car) between 1998 and 2015 - Assignment Example On the other hand, many spare parts from the past are still useable in the present. For example, engine mounting has remained the same over the years. This is why the mini is one of the most economic cars of today’s age. The company producing minis was in the year 2000 bought by BMW a renowned high quality and class brand of car production. BMW bought the mini car production from the Rover group that was the original production company. BMW introduced the Mini Cooper in place for the mini cars. The key terms employed in 1998 and before to market the mini cars included low mileage, price friendly and uniquely styled (Thoms 1998). Today’s keywords for mini cars have drawn more attention they include; well-known brand, competitive model, iconic, powerful, hybrid, environmental friendly, laudable and so on. Semantics is the study of what words meanwhile inference involves what one draws from and the conclusions made. The wording used today mean that people are more interested in the brands of the cars than the prices. The conclusion made is that, although pricing is an important factor, more importance is drawn from the status the mini cooper brings. The social contexts of mini car advertisements greatly influence consumer market. They draw the line in most cases of who can fit in to purchase the car and who is the potential buyer. Car modeling defines the use of a car. Through the ads, the mini car’s function is highly emphasized. Whether it is a leisure car or a daily use car. The terms illustrated above to advertise mini coopers today, clearly identify mini coopers as vehicles that are growing in class and even in use. The target market has changed from the lower middle class to upper middle class and first class socially. The competitive nature of the advertisements is just attractive to bring in a more consumer-ready market. Words like powerful, iconic, hybrid and so on are associated with the brands.

IDiscusson board reply Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

IDiscusson board reply - Coursework Example Many organizations driven by quality would implement a pay-for-performance system that will improve employees’ performance. They will set mechanisms to gather, analyze and interpret unbiased data of all employees through annual or semi-annual performance appraisals linked directly to an individual. This will remove biases and challenge employees to work harder since the industrious ones get appreciated through rewards such as promotion (NIV, Mathew 25.21). Linking employees’ performance to rewards will give the administration the best program to design salaries and wages. It will also help in performance, monitoring and evaluation, which will translate into quality production, profitability, low turnover and organizational discipline (Rehman, & Ali, 2013). However, such scenarios may not occur in organizations where management is bossy. Such management always has conflicts with employees resulting in a general decrease in production capacity despite high salaries. Healthier lifestyles will save organizations costs related to medical expenditure and production. The organizations are also developing employee wellness programs such as regular medical examinations focused on preventing health issues before they develop and increasing employee insurance premiums. Huang, S., & Lai, W. (2014). A study of the effect of incentive system on job performance- locus of control as a moderator. Journal of International Management Studies, 9(1), 89-98. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1517530191?accountid=45049 Rehman, R., & Ali, M. A. (2013). Is pay for performance the best incentive for employees? Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 4(6), 512-514. Retrieved from

Logics - Analysis of an Article by Peter Kreeft Essay

Logics - Analysis of an Article by Peter Kreeft - Essay Example Apart from many articles, he has written many books such as The Snakebite Letters, The Philosophy of Jesus, The Journey: A Spiritual Roadmap for Modern Pilgrims, Prayer: The Great Conversation: Straight Answers to Tough Questions About Prayer etc. The major idea behind this article â€Å"The Apple Argument Against Abortion† is to educate people about the consequences of performing abortion. Peter Kreeft argues against abortion in a philosophical manner throughout this article. He is making in depth analysis of the abortion issue with the help of answering certain questions like Who human are, what are the rights of human, why abortion is wrong etc and topics such as basis of morality, differences between the rights of all people and the rights of some people, arguments from skepticism etc. He also tries to analyze different cases with respect to abortion by taking different combinations such as; The fetus is a person, and we know that The fetus is a person, but we don't know t hat The fetus isn't a person, but we don't know that The fetus isn't a person, and we know that (Kreeft, 2000) Approach This article is mainly analytical in nature. The author tries to avoid the use of any instinctive methods in this article. He has analyzed abortion from various angles. Different dimensions of abortion were beautifully explained in this article. For example, the author took the example of an apple and the understanding of ordinary people about it, to attract the attention of the readers towards the topic. Since the author is a philosopher, a philosophical approach can be visible throughout this article. He explains various dimensions of abortion with the help of comparisons, analogies etc. It is difficult for ordinary people to understand the problems associated with abortion, especially the moral issues. The author tries to explain all those issues in a simple, but comprehensive manner so that anybody who decide to perform abortion may think twice or thrice before doing so, after reading this article. In short, the author succeeded in persuading the readers of this article to argue against abortion. Different kinds of reasoning in the article Inductive, deductive, causal and analogical reasoning techniques were used throughout this article. The following paragraph is an example of an inductive argument present in this article. I have heard it argued that we do not treat any other species in the traditional way — that is, we do not assign equal rights to all mice. Some we kill (those that get into our houses and prove to be pests); others we take good care of and preserve (those that we find useful in laboratory experiments or those we adopt as pets); still others we simply ignore (mice in the wild). The argument concludes that therefore, it is only sentiment or tradition (the two are often confused, as if nothing rational could be passed down by tradition) that assigns rights to all members of our own species (Kreeft, 2000). The above argument is an example of inductive reasoning. It is not necessary that the argument needs to be 100% right to make it as an example of inductive reasoning. It should be noted that cultures like Buddhism or Jainism treats any type of killing - killing of animal or killing of human - as a sin. But cultures like Islam or Christianity do not treat killing of animals as a sin. In short, the above argument may not be conclusive or correct everywhere, but it helps the author to strengthen his arguments

IDiscusson board reply Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

IDiscusson board reply - Coursework Example Many organizations driven by quality would implement a pay-for-performance system that will improve employees’ performance. They will set mechanisms to gather, analyze and interpret unbiased data of all employees through annual or semi-annual performance appraisals linked directly to an individual. This will remove biases and challenge employees to work harder since the industrious ones get appreciated through rewards such as promotion (NIV, Mathew 25.21). Linking employees’ performance to rewards will give the administration the best program to design salaries and wages. It will also help in performance, monitoring and evaluation, which will translate into quality production, profitability, low turnover and organizational discipline (Rehman, & Ali, 2013). However, such scenarios may not occur in organizations where management is bossy. Such management always has conflicts with employees resulting in a general decrease in production capacity despite high salaries. Healthier lifestyles will save organizations costs related to medical expenditure and production. The organizations are also developing employee wellness programs such as regular medical examinations focused on preventing health issues before they develop and increasing employee insurance premiums. Huang, S., & Lai, W. (2014). A study of the effect of incentive system on job performance- locus of control as a moderator. Journal of International Management Studies, 9(1), 89-98. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1517530191?accountid=45049 Rehman, R., & Ali, M. A. (2013). Is pay for performance the best incentive for employees? Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 4(6), 512-514. Retrieved from

Overview of the GCC States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Overview of the GCC States - Essay Example This is aimed at providing an economical balance in the Gulf region and also envisaged a common currency in the area (Low and   Salazar, 2011). This would help the council to foster the growth of the private sector in the economy of the Gulf region through economic co-operation, scientific and technological progress, joint ventures and strengthening the ties of the people among the Arab states. The Gulf Co-operation Council also aims to set up a unified military structure involving the Arab States. About GCC Gulf Corporate Council is the economic and political alliance of six different Middle Eastern Countries, such as Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman and The United Arab Emirates (MSU, 2013). In the year 2007, the states of Gulf Corporate Council supported the International compact document with Iraq which was adopted in Egypt. In the year 2011, Saudi Arabia suggested that the Gulf Corporate Council intensify their integration in order to form a confederation. However, se veral objections rose against this specific proposal of Saudi Arabia by the other GCC countries. Several discussions are going on regarding the future membership of Morocco, Jordan and Yemen. Establishment of GCC GCC is the short form of Gulf Corporate Council. GCC was founded in Abu Dhabi in the year 1981. The original council of GCC comprised a total 630 million acre Persian Gulf state of the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Oman, Kuwait and Qatar. The integrated economic agreement between the GCC countries was signed in Abu Dhabi in the year 1981 (Britannica, 2013). These six countries are referred to as the Gulf Corporate Council states. There are several key objectives behind the formation of GCC. Fostering technical and scientific progress in agriculture, mining, industry, animal and water resources is one of the major objectives of Gulf Corporate Council. The GCC states aimed to develop several scientific research centers in order to enhance countries’ growth. In addition, they are trying to establish several important joint ventures. This strategy and idea can enhance the business environment of GCC countries. Devising similar regulations in different social, political and economical fields, such as finance, trade, religion, tourism, customs, administration and legislation is another major objective of the states of Gulf Corporate Council (Ahmad & Faris, 2010). These countries were facing threat of several outside attacks. Therefore, they tried to cohesive strong military presence in these countries. This unified military force is recognized as Peninsula Shield Force. In the year 1981, these several states of Gulf Corporate Council aimed to establish a common currency by 2010. GCC tries to encourage the cooperation of several private sector organizations. According to the states, this co-operation can enhance the economic environment of these six countries. Healthy social balance of a country is very much important in order to achieve future growth ( Kirgis, 2006). Therefore, Gulf Corporate Council aimed to strengthen the ties between the people of these countries. However, in the year 2006, Oman announced that the council cannot meet the objective within the target date. In addition, the country also announced that the

Biographical Interpretation Works In Relation Essay Example for Free

Biographical Interpretation Works In Relation Essay Many literary works come across as hard for explanation, its been a problem since literature has been a main stay in society. Over time many styles of interpretation have been both approached and adapted by readers and critics alike. One of the most popular is the biographical interpretation. This is when a reader makes use of details regarding the life, times and works of an author as a means of solving interpretive problems. The biographical interpretation is a very good way to get inside the readers head because the past, and your past experiences are what shape your mind as it matures over time, even the smallest experience can make a decent sized impact on ones thought process. Mark Twain is a good example of an author that has been analyzed, possibly even over analyzed. By every angle he has been looked at, most notably for his works on The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. If you were to read his book The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn without taking a look at any biographical pieces about Mark Twain you would undoubtedly not get as much out of the novel as you would in contrast, if you were to read the biography. To prove the point the help of the semi-biographical essay The Life of Samuel Clemens and the Reception of Huckleberry Finn and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn will be called upon throughout the essay. At the beginning of the biographical essay there is an excellent explanation of the personal side of Twain the only clear picture is that Twain was a man of paradox (pg. 19). The reason this excerpt fits the topic of biographical interpretation is because one key word within that quote, that key word being paradox. A paradox is a statement that seems contrary to common sense and yet is perhaps true. With The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn being the novel that we are taking a look at in contrast to the biographical side of Mark Twain this word, paradox, fits perfectly since there are paradoxes running throughout the novel. A good example of a paradox in the novel is from the mouth of Huck Finn himself: When it was dark I set by my campfire smoking, and feeling pretty satisfied; but by-and-by it got sort of lonesome, and so I went and set on the bank†¦ and counted the stars and drift-logs and rafts that come down, and then went to bed; there aint no better way to put in time when you are lonesome; you  cant stay so, you soon get over it. (Pg. 62) The paradox that has been spoken by Huckleberry is that depression and lonesomeness can be slept away. Which when first heard can be looked over and seen as straight out nonsense. However if it is thought about closely most people that are depressed can be get a quick fix from what makes them depressed by sleeping through it as much as they can, sort of like sleep and relaxation was the drug of its time. It may sound inconceivable now, but in the era that The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was penned the idea of sleeping, or rather lounging around for days was not that inconceivable because they did not live the busy lifestyle in which we live in current time. This is just one of many paradoxes throughout the book that reflect the author in a great way due to the fact that he was known as a living paradox because of the way he lived his life. For a man that made money out of writing about adventures of rafting down the Mississippi and barely getting by money wise seem so interesting. But grew up living in Connecticut for a good amount of time in his life and also seeking to be filthy rich, and have no worries is most likely the biggest paradox of his life. Another way that the book of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn can be looked at from a biographical perspective and make sense is the fact that the main characters in the novel have a very similar background as to which they grew up in. In a paragraph written by an African American professor of eastern studies and a writer of African-American folktales and poetry. A man by the name of Julius Lester speaks of the relationship between Huck, Tom, and Mark Twain himself in a very unique manner. Just after he speaks of how he does not recollect ever reading the writings of Mark Twain, but then says something to the effect of what American child hasnt read the tales of Huck and Tom so maybe he has, but the literature was not that significant to his life. What Lester has to say is something that most people taking the biographical interpretation approach should use as an approach to all authors in relation to the characters they write of: I do have an emotional memory of going to Hannibal, Missouri with my parents when I was eight or nine, and visiting the two-story frame house where Mark Twain lived as a boy-where Huck and Tom lived as boys. (Pg. 341, Morality and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn) This is a great comment because when you take a novel and  try and put a biographical interpretation onto that novel you need to take a very close look at the characters and their relation to the author. That is the mainstay of the biographical interpretation, how the characters are at all a parallel to the author. With Mark Twain himself growing up for part of his life on the Mississippi it gave him great knowledge of what he was talking about, and it gave him the roots of the characters that are now notable American icons. Him having the knowledge of the Mississippi, and of southern life in America at that time influenced the characters and the novel infinitely. Whether it is a satirical look at the way American life was at that time is a whole different essay. With all of this in mind it can be said that he sure lived the life of Huck and Tom whether it be on a lower level, or a parallel these characters and Mark Twain are one in the same. These are only a few examples of how the biographical interpretation of a novel is a very reliable approach to analyzing literature as long as you know that the biographical information is accurate. Doing this will also make the novel much more enjoyable because if you read the biographical essay, paragraph, novel, etc. Then you will be able to go along the book and be able to not look down upon the book, but look more for the reason that that author had said what he said, and what he really meant by it. It is about looking from the inside and looking out at the novel for the reasons behind what was said, instead of looking into the novel for the reasons to not read the book altogether

Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Essay -- Sexual Harassment in the Wo

Obviously, it is a very natural thing for men and women to be attracted to each other in sexual ways. Men, more than women, have been historically known to be far more aggressive in their advances toward women sexually and it varies from each woman as to how these aggressive advances make them feel. Advances such as whistling, bottom pinching and glaring are the types of things some men do to women in an attempt to show they are sexually attracted to them. These types of advances can be attempted just about anywhere; the beach, the mall, in night clubs, walking down the street, or even in their place of employment. Where should the line be drawn as to where these advancements are appropriate and what can a woman do to protect herself from feeling uncomfortable while trying to make a living? Women experiencing this type of treatment is a real problem in the workplace today and has been for many years. It has become to be known as sexual harassment and was given a widely used definition by Michael Rubenstein as 'unwanted conduct of a sexual nature or conduct based on sex which is offensive to the recipient'(Collier 3). However, the term often has a very unclear definition in the legal since. Harassment is only harassment if it is felt to be so by the recipient(3). With that said, there is a very large range as to what could be felt as sexual harassment and that creates a great concern for men in the workplace and a need to be extremely careful as to what is said, the way you look, as well as what and where fellow employees are touched. A small, innocent touch on the shoulder could be seen as harassment just as a crude sexual pinch on the bottom by some women. Because of that, sexual harassment, rightfully so, is appro... ...others and I think that new and improved programs should always be implemented because many people find ways around the system. In order to learn more about sexual harassment and prevent fraud, detailed reports should continue to be kept for every case filed and each one should be investigated thoroughly. There are some women who will file false sexual harassment charges against someone for personal reasons. If this does happen, the male usually never comes out on the good end and the women remains employed at the company. Complete investigations will attempt this from happening and will assure that justice be kept in the workforce as well. Again, sexual harassment is always going to be a part of our world, but the companies that research and address the problem properly will remain on top while those who ignore it will loose more than they can imagine.

Was the U.S. Right or Wrong Using the Atomic Bomb in ?Hiroshima? Essay

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The history over few centuries shows that the Japanese never gave up, that they always choose â€Å"death† than â€Å"surrender†. These two articles which I was studying very carefully, shows two opposite opinions about the necessity of using the atomic bomb to the end of World War II. Gar Alperowicz, in his article, â€Å"Hiroshima Remembered: The U.S. was Wrong†, the evidence to prove that America didn’t need to use atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagashaki to end the war.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Contrary to this article John Connnor in his article â€Å"Hiroshima Remembered: The U.S. was Right† is trying to prove and convince reader that using atomic bomb on Hiroshima was necessary to end the war and it saved tremendous amount of American and Japanese lives. John Connor is using very emotional and very graphic language in his article. He called Japanese the â€Å"militarists† who are implacable, relentless enemies for â€Å"whom surrender was worse than death!† Their resistance was â€Å"savage† to the end in each battle they participate. As a proof of this, he mentioned the battle in Tarawa in 1943 where only 17 soldiers remain alive out of 5,000 soldiers â€Å"when the island was taken.† Another example is the battle in Saipan where only one thousand soldiers of 32,000 defending Japanese survived; 10,000 civilians were killed, among them a lot of children. Japanese â€Å"bashed their babies’ brains out of rocky cliff sides†¦ children threw grenades at each other.†17,000 Americans ...

Bottle

I'm a column shape water bottle with a greenish colour of cap and birth label on my transparent colour and wale pattern body. The label state all the information of mine which including my weight with 350ml, my organ and blood system in the ingredient part, place of birth at Melaka, Malaysia and of course my identity which people used to called it barcode and obtain me by scan on it. I was sent to a shop named seven- eleven with siblings when 2-weeks-old but this was where the tragedy happened. It's at the moonlight night, a night people used to have their sweet dream on the lovely ed.Unluckily, I was an inconspicuous bottle who loitering and crying on the lonely slopes street because of a drunken old man who obtain me and ‘suck in' all the blood in my body to sober up his brain. My body is now rubbing to the road and play a sweet symphony. This short Journey is like fast and furious 5 in the scene but I'm act to dodge the big stone and deep hole instead of car. The rubbing mak es me feel some stabbing pain which in the affordable range. But the most broken-hearted is my skin has been scratching by rubbing and become full of scratches. The cool but lustery weather makes me hard to stop myself on the street.I had no idea how to stop and felt forlornness to this situation because I might be obliged stuck somewhere on the street for whole life. The wind presumptuous indecent me and forced me to loiter along the street. Finally I stopped on the street near the drain since a huge tire block my way. I look around but there were no people or even a cat in my sight at this lonely night. I scream and shout with heartbreaks to the old man to pick me up or bring me home thus I won't stick at there forever. He couldn't hear me and went away afterword. I felt sleepy after this entire thrilling Journey. I was awakened by the ear-piercing horn.The glare and dazzle sun makes me couldn't open my eyes and suddenly I hear ‘Pi Pi Piak Piak sound. I felt unbearable pain from my body and soul since an old truck filled with waste mercilessly run over me without any warning and alert. But I was also unable to do anything even it gave me a whisper horn. When I was feeling the unbearable pain, a limousine as quickly as lighting run over me and left me a wisp of smelly grey smoke. The vehicles on the road treat me like an ant that keep run over me continuously and I was drifted by hem from where to where since I couldn't remember where I am.I thought my miserable wandering life would bring me to heaven but it stopped after few hours. I opened my eyes and realized that I was stuck by an old towering tree because the old roots locked me firmly. In this sad moment, I remember and missed my siblings, missed the days we chatting together happily. I think they might be sent back to the place we birth to refill the blood now, they might be missed me also. I remember that the place I birth was very clean and the air was fresh. Unlike the street and this tree whi ch full of dust.The days I stuck by the old tree, originally didn't had any wind or rain but there were people who forced to help me take bath by pee at me. Sometimes, there would be people who drunk and vomit to me. I couldn't did anything even I didn't like it. So, I learned to be optimism, treat that like bathing. But days by days, I became smelly, estimated mildew. I started to talk and pray to god, hope that any scavengers would pity me and pick me up. I did it every day and didn't give up this small hope. In the leisure time, I would always look around, I always imagined leaving here and backing home.One day, I hear â€Å"nah grandpa, here is nother empty cans†, I look up and saw an old scavenger holding a little girl. He was dragging a big plastic bad which full of recycle items. I was so enw and desperate to go in that plastic bag, this was the only chance I could go back to recycle station and sent back to home. I keep scream and shout, moving my body even these was useless since the old scavenger couldn't hear and saw what I did to him. After they passed by me, I was totally give up and forlornness again†¦ But, there was always a ‘but' in life journey which could change your life, so, Just think of the bright sight of the life.The little girl like sensed me and look back, she saw me and came towards me to pick me up. I was so sincere thanks to the little girl since she save my life. After that, I follow them to back to their home, the little took me out from the plastic bag and help me to wash my smelly and dirty body. She cut me into half after that and used me as flower pot to plant her flower. I didn't felt any remorse since she save my life, she keep watering the flower which I used to plant and talking to it every day. I felt that this might be another type of lifestyle for me. I was enjoyed and happy.

Islam and the Muslims Essay

In September 2005 Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten published twelve cartoons including a caricature of Muhammad in a bomb-shaped turban with an ignited fuse. This sparked a huge controversy that affected Muslims and Non-Muslims parts of the world. For the Muslims it was a portrayal of the prophet, Islam and the Muslims as terrorists. They feared that the cartoons might create an anti-Muslim attitude. The Jyllands-Posten apologized and the cartoonist explained that the cartoon was a protest of fundamentalist interpretations of Islam that terrorists use to base their acts on. In citing Free Speech, Jyllands-Posten had crossed the bounds of sensitivity to and respect for other people’s faith or religion. The issue should not be solely taken in the confines of the Danish system. Religion is universal and is held sacred by the believers. A bomb on Mohammad’s head is blasphemous. Given that a number of extremists and fundamentalists have used the teachings of Islam as shield of their terrorist acts, it would be most unfair to say that all Muslims behave and believe as they do. The Organization of the Islamic Conference refused to heed the clamor for death for the cartoonist even if Muslims felt that the cartoon was an insult to Muhammad. Those who thought the cartoons are non-issue as far as discrimination of Muslims is concerned is totally disgusting. Does making fun of all religious’ icons and symbolisms, exempting no one, a legal and moral excuse? Of course it does not. Doing it to all makes it all the more wrong. To the Muslims, Muhammad is revered. He is infallible. To treat him like a cartoon character to elicit fun or humor is not acceptable, it is contemptible. The Danish government’s response to the request for redress by certain Muslim sectors was passive. The courts of law where the prime minister, thru letter, referred them to were likewise evasive. Citing the wide scope of Freedom of Expression in Denmark, they refused to sanction Jyllands-Posten. The courts found no criminal act in the cartoons, for as long as the interpretation of Free Speech included public interest and respect for human rights. The courts were unilaterally in favor of the journalists and cartoonists. What justice left out and disregarded is the Muslim minority’s interest in particular and the Muslim’s human right to their religious beliefs, in general. The reaction or non-reaction of the Danish people and government in the controversy is uncharacteristic of a nation that has been ranked by the Reporters Without Borders as Top in Worldwide Press Freedom Index for 2005. There should be a certain degree of self-restraint in any freedom. It should seek to create, not to destroy. A subject like Religion must be treated with respect and tolerance. It should not be open to debates, opinions and critiques. World reaction to the controversy was predictable. The Muslim countries would be indignant. Denmark would suffer the backlash. Egypt helped diffused the situation in the Middle East. America looked the other way by accusing Syria and Iran of organizing protests and of buying Danish goods after a Muslim boycott. Judging by these reactions, the cartoon controversy was just the tip of the iceberg. Deep-seated political emotions are in the issue. The Muslim terrorists’ politically-motivated acts became religious issues in the cartoon controversy. That the terrorists were Muslims, Islam and Muhammad became the targets of caricaturing. Free Speech has taken a new form. It goes without limit, and anything and everything is fair game. What holds true for Denmark is made to be accepted by the Muslim minority in Denmark and the Muslim majority in the world. Religious figures, beliefs and practices must be left alone. They must not be used as side or main issues in any controversy. The only way to handle differences in religious beliefs is tolerance and respect. One must not be ridiculed and persecuted for his religious convictions. We must learn from the lessons of history. Terrorism must be dealt with a different but civilized option. Reference: Jyllands-Posten Muhhammad Cartoons Controvery, Wikipedia (20 February 2007), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jylalnds_posten_cartoon_controversy, date accessed: 23. Februrary 2007.

Population and economic growth Essay

It seems obvious that more rapidly growing populations have fewer natural resources per person, less physical capital per worker, more dependents, and greater needs for new social infrastructure. Perceptibly, they must be accounted as economically worse off. These intuitions shaped the earlier studies of population and economic development such as Coale and Hoover  model (1958). Later studies developed more neoclassical versions of these ideas, featuring that more rapid population growth led to per capita income. Noble prize economist Kuznets (1956), as well as Boserup (1956, 1981) and Simon (1981) suggested many possible positive effects of population growth, including economies of scale, acceleration of technological progress, flexible market response to emerging shortages , induces institutional changes , cheaper communication and transportation, and easier collective social investments. Kuznets examined per capita income growth and population growth rates across nations and found positive correlation, which seemed inconsistent with Koale – Hoover view. Their study was replicate by many others. In another advance, human capital was explicitly incorporated in growth model, and cross – national empirical analysis in the convergence framework indicated larger positive effects of population growth (Mankiw, Romer and W2EIL 1994). As Dawson and Tiffin (1998, p.149) put it that â€Å" the relationship between population growth and the economic development has long been thought to be fundamental to our understanding of less developed countries . Indeed most text book on economic development includes a section of population and development.† However there is no consensus whether population growth is beneficial or detrimental in the economic growth in the developing countries. As Thirwall (1994, p.143) commented â€Å"the relationship between population growth and economic development is a complex one and the historical evidence is ambiguous particularly concerning what is the cause what is the effect.† It is traditionally seen that the people of Bhutan are, by virtue of the circumstances of their habitat and precipice terrain, subjected to serious handicaps and constrained to scratch the earth for rather squalid and miserable living. The general impression in the minds of Bhutanese and foreigners alike who visit the nation is one of total abandonment and salutary neglect of the people. For most of the people of rural area, electricity, portable water supply, clinic, health centers and hospital which are by and large concentrated in the alleged urban areas, are just illusive luxurious. High proportion of the population still lives in the state of nature, by –passed by the modernizing influences and forces, which revolutionize traditional societies to progressive modern societies. The state of the life of the population kills its enthusiasm, dampens their morale and mitigates their sense of motivation and initiative. The scarcity  of these pre-requisites in the country is faced for the wanting of human capital that linearly depends upon the size of its Population. For this reason, it seems that low population growth rate of the country has, to large extent, been blamed for its state of affairs. Acrimonious debate regarding the economies and diseconomies of population has spurted between two schools of thought. One argument, presented by Clark and Ohlin, is in favour of unrepressed population growth based on the contention that it stimulates business and general economic growth cycles and therefore necessary for development. The other argument of Malthus is in favour of repressed population growth on the ground that unrestrained rise in population will mean less resources for individual members leading to considerable reduction in the euphoric life and well being of the people in that society, thus constituting an impediment to the socio-economic development of the society. The practical import of these divergent views is that positively or negatively, population question is intricately related to development which by all considerations is man –centered. Alluding to the positive and negative impact of rapid population growth, Ude asserted that â€Å"though there can be no development without human beings, any development that does not lead to overall increase in the welfare of the people is deficient. However, despite the merit of Malthus school’s arguments in favour of repressed population growth, the rapid population growth has unequivocally been a panacea in dealing with the problem of human capital whereby underdevelopment and poverty was in prevalent in Bhutan. Therefore Bhutanese in general should be sensitized to the realities of their abject miserable situation. Steps should be taken to mobilize the energies and efforts of the people to increase the growth rate of the population to the level that considered sufficient enough to beget human capital drastically needed for revolutionizing the economy through starting imminent developmental work with their help. In this paper, efforts are made to discuss the issue of population growth in Bhutan in its various ramifications. In the first place, the author takes the critical look at the deplorable economic conditions of the people. This is followed by an incisive examination of the implications of the phenomenon of population growth on the beleaguered economy. In like manner, the importance of the population growth, particularly in relation to the  generation of human resources and consequent development in the country are highlighted. Next, some suggestions and recommendations are made to ameliorate the economic conditions of the people, arising as a result of lack slow population growth rate in the country. METHODLOGY This is paper is based upon literature and theoretical evidences rendered by various school of economic thought. We have used Kuznets and W.W. Rostow model to explain the implication of population and economic development in Bhutan. In addition to this we used time series data for economic growth and population from the different issues of National Accounts Statistics reports of Bhutan, and population and census of Bhutan 2005. The State of Economy in Bhutan The plight to Communities in Bhutan is the focus of current discussions by many economists and a matter of concern for all levels of government in the Country. The picture of the country is described as being pathetic and the main features of the pre-requisites of economic development are found to be under-developed because of under utilization of its natural resources. In most areas in Bhutan, the basic infrastructural facilities which have been considered by W.W Rostow as prerequisites for development and tolerable human existence are generally lacking3. One of the pre-requisites of the well being of the community of any country is its roads. there are no functional roads for vehicles in rural areas and in some part of the country, roads construction work has not been yet started, thus leaving the people in those areas in dreary isolation from their own people and the rest of the World. The existing roads are also in deplorable condition. They are generally characterized by innumerable pot holes, deep enough to snap a car’s shockers or give the rim a terminal damage. The sad story of our rural roads calls for great concern when it is realized that over 70 percent of Bhutanese, as noted above, live in the rural areas and that it is from the latter that most of the food products of the country are derived. Without good roads, it becomes a big problem to send food products from these areas to the urban dwellers mainly depend on the rural folks for their food supply. Hence, every harvest season, thousands of rural farmers watch  helplessly as the crops which they cannot evacuate to the urban markets go waste, thus marginalizing their income from farm proceeds over the years. Being an agricultural predominated economy if it cannot able to produce exportable product, it must produce as much as food grain as is required by the countrymen. The irony of the Bhutanese economy is that all economists see it as rugged mountainous country which has less scope to produce that what is required by its people. They have made such impression Worldwide about this economy that nothing can sufficiently be produced here except remaining dependent on others for each and every thing. Moreover, the Bhutanese economy is suffering of the shortage of pre-requisites necessary for great spurt from backward economy to industrial economy. According to W.W.ROSTW, every developing country has to pass through a certain stages of development that he manifested as per-requisites of economic development. According to Gerschenkron, the existence of certain necessary conditions (pre-requisites) is not required for industrialization as is put forth by Rostow. He based this view on two empirical observations. First, the preconditions for industrialization that existed in England during its industrial revolution was virtually absent in the backward countries of Europe or existed on a very small scale. Secondly, big spurt of industrialization occurred even in those countries where they were not present at all. Without having adequate preconditions, these countries like Italy, France, Germany, and USSR (before 1985) had brought big spurt in their economy. Though they had not sufficient pre-conditions for great spurt, they had an adequate human capital because of high population growth to exploit natural resources and utilize them for generating precondition corresponding to industrialization period of these countries. Since Bhutanese economy is also passing through the same state of affairs by which the present developed nations were passing historically, it can also bring big spurt in its economy provided it should have its own sufficient human capital. This may be possible if it review its National population policy for stepping up its growth to meet the demand of labour force in the country. Population and Economic Growth: Many dynamic and active debates have been held regarding the impact of the increasing population on the economic development of the country since the  existence of the Malthusian theory. No doubt, an increase in the population in most of the countries has adversely affected the per capita output of the nation. Our empirical study related to the impact of population growth rate on economic growth has explored statistically very significant and optimistic findings in case of Bhutanese economy. The basic infrastructural facilities which are required, at the rudimentary development stage of the country, unfortunately found almost missing. This country needs stringent measures towards establishing more academic and vocational institution so that more academicians, engineers, doctors can be trained to enhance the pool of the human capital. Specialization in the works increase the quality and productivity of the labour and this probably be procured, if the country will have a well- versed pool of human capital. The massive group of the human capital will automatically enhance the economic growth of Bhutan. Development of the countries such as India and China are entirely impinging upon the human capital. Economic growth rate of these countries, since their independence, has grown very rapidly because of large group of human capital .Though these countries have suffered because of the high growth rate of population; they are progressing at high rate only because of innovations and technology, which in turn, depend upon the human capital which is linearly related to their population. India is enjoying the status of nourishing almost 16% of the total population of the World and economically stands fourth in the world based on purchasing power parity as per the World Bank report of 2008. Population is not the sole factor for slowdown in the economic growth of the country, but factors like political instability, corruption, inefficient managerial system, misallocation of resources, etc. are more responsible for it. As the Chinese proverb reflects that â€Å"Roads and railways lines are considered as the fate lines of the nation†, the government of Bhutan must pay attention towards the dissemination of the network of roads. Government needs to start some plans and projects to build railway track and Air routes through which tourist can be attracted within the country that will enhance the Foreign Cash Reserves. According to National statistics Bureau of Bhutan (2010), 69%of the total population of Bhutan is living in rural areas (205Gewogs -Bhutan at glance -2008) of the country. Most of the  villages are deprived of the basic amenities like road; safe water supply, education, regulated markets where the surplus product of the peasant could be marketed. There are only 29 hospitals with 145 doctors that are taking care of 6, 71083 people (Population and Census of Bhutan, 2005). It means that there are approximately one doctor per 5000 people that seem to be a very poorest ratio after Ethiopia and many others under developed countries of the world. There is a need for increasing the health related facilities in the country. Geographical conditions of the country become an obstruction in the way of the masses to avail the medical facilities in the hospital. Empirical findings show very dismal progress in the area of health. These entire problem faced by the people are ascribed to lack of human capital which could be solved by increasing the population of the country. â€Å"The economics of scale† phenomenon of population 1. Population and market structure Despite of the Malthus theory of diminishing return when it comes to scarce resource like food and water , some of optimistic population growth economist , like Kuznets (1956), Boserup (1981), believed that population growth can really help the nation economy to turn from ineffective economy into economies of scale state. According to Kendrick (1977), economies of scale are an important factor to increase the productivity of labour of a country. A country with rapid population growth can suffer many maladies like capital dilution, shortage of necessity resources and the causality could lead the whole population to poverty, famine and starvation. However, there are three arguments supported for the idea that population growth can boost the country economy by economics of scale phenomenon. Firstly, a nation, which has a rapid population growth rate, means that its population size will develop with a quicker rate. The bigger the population size is, the larger the market size becomes. In order to meet the product demand of the large –size market, bigger and more effective as well as longer performance period manufacturing plants are required to develop (simon, 1994). Countries in the world with larger population size like India and China are growing faster than any other country of the world because of their strong market network. Market base not only generate entrepreneurship among nationals but also causes induced foreign investment in the country. All developing countries like Bhutan need significant funds to expedite economic development programme for making provision of amenities required for higher living standard of the people of the country. The present state of economic affair of Bhutanese economy necessitates the expansion of market base to have an induced foreign investment and the generation of entrepreneurship among nationals to establish spectrum of industries in country to bring about industrial revolution. â€Å"All the developed countries of the present world were backward historically† (Gerschenkron 1947). Germany, Italy, USA, and England have achieved a status of advance industrialized countries, which were also backward in past, due to their strong army of human capital. Therefore, we can conclude that if Bhutan intends to be a developed country, it will have to acquire more human capital but that would be possible only if it increases its population. Population and specialized labour force Large size of the population not only expands a market structure but also possess an impressive number of labours. Because of the avail ability of the labour force it is possible for firms to divide their labor into particular division of labor to do specific tasks. An excellent example of specialization is car assembly line in which each division just takes responsibility of installing only one part of the car such as engine or car wheels. According to Adam Smith, â€Å"division of labor has caused a greater increase in production than any other factor. This diversification is greatest for nations with more industry and improvement, and is responsible for â€Å"universal opulence† in those countries†. Moreover, through specialization, working skill of labor force is likely to improve more quickly with learning-by-doing. Since a large size of population demands a tremendous number of products, these workers have more chances to improve their working skill. As a result, the average time spending for producing one unit of output have tendency to decrease more quickly than in smaller market-size. Correlating with saving producing time, the cost per one product is also deducted and firm is more efficient through specialization. Finally, the rapid population growth rate could cause a positive effect on communication and transportation. Transportation plays an important role in economic development. A good transportation system can help reduce  transportation cost and travel time. Along with high population growth rate, the increase in population density is inevitable. A dense population is likely to pressure the government to develop more in transportation system such as railroad, highways and road. Take China as an example, according to United Nations Population Division, in 1985, its population density was 110 people/km2 and the total amount of railroad was 52,000 km while in 2010, the total length of railroad is 91,000 km (increase 75%) and its population density is 141 people per square kilometer (increases 28%). Transportation improvement is surely a general trend for every economic development, but it is not deniable to state that the population density has a strong impact on number of construction of transportation. As Julian L. Simon stated in â€Å"The Ultimate Resource†, â€Å"population growth clearly leads to an improved transportation system, which in turn stimulates economic development†. Population and self reliant in food grain The falling trend in total arable land is a serious concern for the government of Bhutan .These appalling trend cannot be owed to an increase in population but to an occupation changes in the economy which inherited due the occurring structural changes via economic development as is put forth by Schumper . Since the economy has started growing, the corresponding sector of agriculture sector like service sector and industrial sector have also started developing whereby the agriculturist are induced to migrate from their agricultural occupation to service and industrial sector. When the land owner shifted from agriculture to service and industrial sectors, their land turned barren. Migration of the masses from their earlier main occupation to services and industrial sector must be considered as main cause of fall in arable land but not the pressure of population. we can emphatically favour the economies of population that if the size of the population had high, the size of arable land would not have decreased rather it would have increased. We corroborate our views with the help of classical economist hypothesis that â€Å"supply creates its own demand.† we can apply classical theory to endorse our theory that an addition to the supply of labour because of increase in population will exploit the latent natural resources of the country to meet their demands. An addition to labour force will not only exploit natural resources for their survival but also help in  filling the lag of supply of them to give impetus to the economic growth. Therefore, increase in population will not exploit resources and find new mode and means for the country but will also make this country self –reliant for food grains and many other things including labour force for which this country is totally dependent on other nations. In essence, development of the Bhutanese economy necessitates high growth of population. CONCLUSION The authors optimistically weaves fabric of hope that if the measures outlined above are emphatically implemented, the population itself will be brought to the optimum size and aligned to match its requirement in exploiting and utilizing the latent natural resources of the country for giving impetus to the economic development of the country. Structural changes of the economy via disseminating the spectrum of industrial base are not possible in wanting of human capital that linearly links with size of population of the country. The country’s overdependence for outsourcing all kind of works will dampen if the planners review its population policy to increase it to that level necessary for exploiting the latent resources required for economic development. Reference Birdshall, N., & Kelley, H.T. (2001). Population matters Demographic Changes, Economic Growth and Poverty in the Developing World (1st Edition). New York: Oxford University Press. Boserup, M.,&Rothenberg, J.(1980) Population dynamics in developing countries( 1st Edition ) New York: Macmillan co. Clark, C. Population Growth and Land Use, New York, St. Martin’s Press, 1967. See also: Ohlin, G. ‘Economic Theory Confronts Population Growth’ in Coale(ed) Economic Factors in Population. Growth. New York, John Wiley and Sons, 1976. Coale, A. J. (1973). â€Å"Demographic Transition†: International Union for the Scientific Study of Population: International Population conference (Vol. 1, Liege). New York: Oxford University Press. D, Kinggsley. (1951). the Population of India and Pakistan. Princeton, N.J Princenton University Press. Decenzo, A. D., & Robbins, P.S. (2001). Personal Human Resource Management. New Delhi:Prentice Hall of India Granger,C.J.(1969)Investining casual relations by econometric methods and cross-spectral methods. (Vol. 1,). New York:Oxford University Press Gujarati,D.N.(2003)Basic econometrics.(4th ed.) John, Bongaarts. (1978). â€Å"Framework for analyzing the Proximate Determinants of Fertility†: Population and Development Review (Vol. 4, March, pp. 105-32). New York: Oxford University Press. Malthus,T.R (1917). An essay on the principal of population. New York: Macmillan co. Mankiw, G. N. (1992). Macroeconomics (3rd Edition). New York: worth Publishers. Nambiar, K. C. A. (2005). Population Development and the Environment the Dynamic Interface (1st Edition ). New Delhi: Serials Publication. Sim,C.(1972) Money income and causilty. American Economic Review.(vol. 62, PP. 540-552)

Philosophy and Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Philosophy and Media - Essay Example Neo begins to seriously reflect upon the nature of his identity and existence in the middle of the movie as he is already taken to the Nebuchadnezzar. This rather personal and philosophical search begins with Agent Smith saying that Neo is seeking answers to his own questions although Neo himself does not even realize he is doing this. The point is that Neo’s search for himself and questions about his existence begins with a doubt, much like the 17th century philosopher Rene Descartes who wrote, â€Å"†¦it will be sufficient to justify the rejection of the whole if I shall find in each some ground for doubt† for this systematic process of doubting is â€Å"the only way to achieve clear and well-reasoned conclusions† (Author, Year). This means that if Neo had not doubted his existence, he would have simply stayed in the Matrix and, although such ignorance would have felt like bliss, he would forfeit all the possibility of knowing who he really is and what rea lity is actually like. As Morpheus tells Neo what he and reality are really like as well as what the Matrix is, this is the only time that Neo begins to realize his true identity and only then is he able to start being conscious of his own existence. Besides, â€Å"it would be impossible to be self-conscious if we didn’t have a personal identity of which to be conscious† (Author, Year). After Morpheus explains to Neo what he calls â€Å"the desert,† which is a rather simplistic term for what the real environment looks like in contrast with the virtual environment in the Matrix, Neo is shocked but is enlightened at the same time (Berman & Wachowski, 1999). Nevertheless, as he learns the truth that he is a person of and from this â€Å"desert,† it is only then that he comes to develop true self-consciousness. Moreover, Neo bases his own existence on his mind, or, more specifically, on the activities of his mind, or on his mental faculties. He knows that he exists only through his thoughts and his beliefs. The actions of his thoughts are evident in the scenes where he discovers his hidden abilities merely by thinking through his Kung Fu training with Morpheus and the one where he has to jump from one building rooftop to another. Through these scenes, Neo is able to prove once again a rationalistic approach to reflecting on his own identity. According to Descartes, â€Å"†¦it would even happen, if I should wholly cease to think, that I should at the same time altogether cease to be† (Author, Year). Therefore, realizing that he is a thinking being and that it is through this thinking faculty that he defines his own existence, Neo then proceeds from this and develops his self-consciousness and the various aspects of himself – physically, emotionally and intellectually – from his thinking mind. Furthermore, he also chooses the Real World as the place where he develops aspects of himself and not from the Matrix, wh ere such aspects are fake. In short, upon knowing that his true identity is that of the Real World, Neo has now attained a degree of self-consciousness where he would make choices only based on the context of the Real World and not anymore of the Matrix. The Matrix then, which is represented by Agent Smith

ME GLOBAL ACASE FOR CULTURE Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

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